{"id":874,"date":"2018-07-20T09:18:46","date_gmt":"2018-07-20T01:18:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.jsjs.org\/?p=874"},"modified":"2018-07-20T09:18:46","modified_gmt":"2018-07-20T01:18:46","slug":"%e3%80%90linux%e3%80%91linux%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%88%e5%ae%8c%e7%bb%93%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.jsjs.org\/?p=874","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Linux\u3011Linux\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff08\u5b8c\u7ed3\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0Linux<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u8ba1\u5212\u91cd\u6e29\u4e0bLinux<\/code>\uff0c\u987a\u4fbf\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b14\u8bb0\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e4b\u540e\u67e5\u9605\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \u5728Linux<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5bf9\u5f85\uff1b\u5982IDE<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3a\/dev\/hd[a-d]<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u5206\u533a(MBR)<\/code>\u548c\u5206\u533a\u8868<\/code>\uff1b\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6709446bytes<\/code>\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u4f1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6MBR<\/code>\u533a\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b\u5206\u533a\u8868<\/code>\u8bb0\u5f55\u786c\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u670964bytes<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u662f\u5bf9\u5206\u533a\u8868<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u533a\u8868\u4ec5\u80fd\u5199\u5165\u56db\u7ec4\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56db\u7ec4\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6216\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e3a\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u7f16\u53f7\u4ece5<\/code>\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5982\/dev\/hda5\/<\/code>\u3001\/dev\/hda6<\/code>…\u3002\u524d\u56db\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u53f7\u5747\u4fdd\u7559\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e3b\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\u6700\u591a\u67094\u4e2a``\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u67091\u4e2a\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u662f\u7531\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\u5206\u5272\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e3b\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u82e5\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u88ab\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n
  • BIOS<\/code>\u662f\u5199\u5165\u5230\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5176\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d6\u5f97\u80fd\u591f\u5f00\u673a\u7684\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5230\u8be5\u786c\u76d8\u4e0b\u8bfb\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u7684MBR<\/code>\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0cMBR<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7531\u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f(boot loader)<\/code>\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u59cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/code>\u4e3b\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e09\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1a\n
      \n
    • \u63d0\u4f9b\u83dc\u5355\uff1a\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u5f00\u673a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u662f\u591a\u91cd\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u8f7d\u5165\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u6307\u5411\u53ef\u5f00\u673a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u533a\u6bb5\u6765\u5f00\u59cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u8f6c\u4ea4\u5176\u4ed6loader\uff1a\u5c06\u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u529f\u80fd\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6loader\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • \u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/code>\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u5728MBR<\/code>\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u6247\u533a<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u6247\u533a<\/code>\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u53ef\u5f00\u673a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5404\u5206\u533a\u5185\uff0cloader\u53ea\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u5df1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u533a\u5185\u7684\u53ef\u5f00\u673a\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6loader\uff0cloader\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5c06\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u7cfb\u7edf\u767b\u5f55<\/h2>\n
        \n
      • Linux<\/code>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63d0\u4f9b6<\/code>\u4e2aTerminal<\/code>\u4f9b\u7528\u4e8e\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3aCtrl+Alt+[F1-F6]<\/code>\uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u5206\u522b\u4e3atty1-tty6<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Ctrl+Alt+F7<\/code>\u53ef\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u82e5\u4ee5\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u73af\u5883\u542f\u52a8Linux<\/code>\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u542f\u52a8\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528startx<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u4f7f\u7528man + \u547d\u4ee4<\/code>\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5982man date<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u4f7f\u7528shutdown<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u5982shutdown -h now<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u5173\u673a\uff0cshutdown -h 20:25<\/code>\u8868\u793a20:25<\/code>\u5173\u673a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n

        \"Markdown\"<\/p>\n

        \u5206\u4e3a\u4e03\u5217\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/code>\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/code>\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/code>\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/code>\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/code>\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u540e\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/code>\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

          \n
        • \u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u505a\u5982\u4e0b\u5212\u5206\uff1a\n
            \n
          • \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u82e5\u4e3ad<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u82e5\u4e3a-<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u82e5\u4e3a|<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6(linkfile)\u3001\u82e5\u4e3ab<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u7684\u53ef\u4f9b\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u82e5\u4e3ac<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u7684\u4e32\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5982\u952e\u76d8\u9f20\u6807\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e14\u5747\u4e3arwx<\/code>\u7ec4\u5408\uff0cr<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0cw<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u5199\uff0cx<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u82e5\u65e0\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a-<\/code>\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/code>\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4\u4e3a\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/code>\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ec4\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u672c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          • chgrp<\/code>\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1bchown<\/code>\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff1bchmod<\/code>\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u65e0\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528sudo ch***<\/code>\u8bd5\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u6539\u53d8\u6240\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528chown user:group ***<\/code>\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982chown root:root log.log<\/code>\u5c06log.log<\/code>\u6539\u4e3aroot<\/code>\u7ec4\u4e0b\u7684root<\/code>\u5e10\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n
          • r:4;w:2;x:1<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u66f4\u6539\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ec4\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94owner<\/code>\u3001group<\/code>\u3001others<\/code>\uff0c\u5982chmod 777 .bashrc<\/code>\u8868\u793aowner\u3001group\u3001others<\/code>\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u53ef\u4f7f\u7528chmod u=rwx,go=rx .bashrc<\/code>\u66f4\u6539\u6743\u9650\uff0cowner<\/code>\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1bgroup<\/code>\u548cothers<\/code>\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u80fd\u5426\u8fdb\u5165\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0e\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7684x<\/code>\u6743\u9650\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u82e5\u5177\u6709\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u8fdb\u5165\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fdb\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u5355\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u8bb8\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3a255<\/code>\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u79f0\u53ca\u76ee\u5f55\/\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3a4096<\/code>\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u53ef\u4f7f\u7528mkdir -p test\/test\/test\/test<\/code>\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n
              \n
            • \u4f7f\u7528cp -r dir1 dir2\/<\/code>\u5c06dir1<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u590d\u5236\u5230dir2<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u4f7f\u7528mv test1 test2<\/code>\u5c06test1<\/code>\u66f4\u540d\u4e3atest2<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
            • cat<\/code>\u3001more<\/code>\u3001less<\/code>\u3001head<\/code>\u3001tail<\/code>\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
            • tail -f filename<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u67e5\u770bfilename<\/code>\u4e0d\u65ad\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u78c1\u76d8\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n
                \n
              • \u6247\u533a<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a512bytes<\/code>\uff0c\u6247\u533a<\/code>\u7ec4\u6210\u67f1\u9762<\/code>\uff0c\u67f1\u9762<\/code>\u662f\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/code>\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u53ef\u4f7f\u7528df<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u6253\u5305<\/h2>\n
                  \n
                • \u4f7f\u7528tar -zcvf git.tar.gz git\/<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u538b\u7f29git<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u81f3git.tar.gz<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u4f7f\u7528tar -zxvf git.tar.gz<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u538b\u7f29git.tar.gz<\/code>\u81f3\u672c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Vim\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h2>\n
                    \n
                  • G(Shift+g)<\/code>\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\uff0cgg<\/code>\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • dd<\/code>\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u6574\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • x<\/code>\u5411\u540e\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26(Del<\/code>)\uff0cX<\/code>\u5411\u524d\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26(Backspace<\/code>)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \u8ba4\u8bc6\u5b66\u4e60Bash<\/h2>\n
                      \n
                    • \u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7b49\u53f7\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u5982myname = leesf<\/code>\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528bash<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cexit<\/code>\u9000\u51fa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7export<\/code>\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u53d8\u6210\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528set<\/code>\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u542b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\uff09<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528set | grep HISTFILE<\/code>\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u653e\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u8bb0\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528echo $?<\/code>\u67e5\u770b\u4e0a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u56de\u4f20\u7801\uff08\u82e5\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de0\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e3a\u975e0\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528echo $$<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u672cPID<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528alias cls='clear'<\/code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6e05\u5c4f\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528history<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528!!<\/code>\u6216\u8005\u5411\u4e0a\u7bad\u5934+Enter<\/code>\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528!al<\/code>\u6267\u884c\u6700\u8fd1\u4ee5al\u4e3a\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u53ef\u4fee\u6539~\/.bashrc<\/code>\u6216~\/.bash_profile<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528source ~\/.bashrc<\/code>\u6216source ~\/.bash_profile<\/code>\u4f7f\u5176\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u51fa\u767b\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u767b\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528exit<\/code>\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a0<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<\u6216<<<\/code>\uff1b\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a1<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528>\u6216>><\/code>\uff1b\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a2<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u75282>\u62162>><\/code>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d>><\/code>\u8868\u793a\u7d2f\u52a0\uff0c><\/code>\u8868\u793a\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528\/dev\/null<\/code>\u5c06stderr<\/code>\u4fe1\u606f\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u5982find \/home -name .bashrc 2> \/dev\/null<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5c06stderr<\/code>\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u82e5\u60f3\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6b63\u786e\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u5199\u8fdb\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982find \/home -name .bashrc > list 2>&1<\/code>\u6216\u8005find \/home -name .bashrc &> list<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • cat > catfile < ~\/.bashrc<\/code>\u5c06~\/.bashrc<\/code>\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\u81f3catfile<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • cat > catfile << \"eof\"<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528eof<\/code>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u675f\u8f93\u5165\u63a7\u5236\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u53ef\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7ec4\u5408\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5982ll;ll;shutdown -h now<\/code>\uff0c\u5148\u6267\u884c\u4e24\u6b21ll<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u5173\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u53ef\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u56de\u4f20\u7801\u4e3a0<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u975e0<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • cmd1 && cmd2<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u82e5cmd1<\/code>\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u4e14\u6b63\u786e\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5219\u6267\u884ccmd2<\/code>\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u6267\u884ccmd2<\/code>\uff1bcmd1 || cmd2<\/code>\u8868\u793acmd1<\/code>\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u4e14\u6b63\u786e\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u6267\u884ccmd2<\/code>\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6267\u884ccmd2<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u7ba1\u9053\u547d\u4ee4\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5904\u7406standard output<\/code>\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8estandard error output<\/code>\u4e88\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff0ccut<\/code>\u3001grep<\/code>\u3001sort<\/code>\u3001wc<\/code>\u3001uniq<\/code>\u3001tee<\/code>\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528tar -cvf - \/home | tar -xvf -<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\/home<\/code>\u6253\u5305\u540e\u518d\u89e3\u538b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528sed -i 's\/This is\/That is\/g' test<\/code>\u5c06test<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u6709This is<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u6210That is<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528sed -i '$a the end' test<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728test<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0the end<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d$<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\uff0ca<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u65b0\u589e<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528awk<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982awk '{FS=\":\"} $1 \"\\t\" $3'<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e3a:<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f7f\u7528diff test1 test<\/code>\u67e5\u770btest<\/code>\u548ctest1<\/code>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \u5b66\u4e60Shell Script<\/h2>\n
                        \n
                      • shell.sh<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5177\u5907\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u6267\u884c(rx<\/code>)\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n
                      • script<\/code>\u811a\u672c\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c#!\/bin\/bash<\/code>\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2ascript<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7684shell<\/code>\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/li>\n
                      • \u4f7f\u7528source test.sh<\/code>\u548csh test.sh<\/code>\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u518d\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5728\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65e0\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n
                      • \u53ef\u5728sh test.sh<\/code>\u540e\u9762\u63a5\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528$#\u3001$1\u3001$2...<\/code>\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u83b7\u53d6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d$0<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u6267\u884c\u7684shell<\/code>\u811a\u672c\u540d\u3002;<\/li>\n
                      • \u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528bash test.sh<\/code>\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n
                      • \u7531\u4e8eshell<\/code>\u662f\u7531\u4e0a\u5f80\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n
                      • \u53d6\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u5f97\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528$((\u8fd0\u7b97\u5185\u5bb9))<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        \u5e10\u53f7\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0eACL\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n
                          \n
                        • \u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d6\u5f97\u7528\u6237ID\uff0c\u5373UID<\/code>\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4ID\uff0c\u5373GID<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                        • \u53ef\u4f7f\u7528su<\/code>\u6216sudo<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5207\u6362\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          \u78c1\u76d8\u914d\u989d\u4e0e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n
                            \n
                          • RAID-0<\/code>\u4e3a\u7b49\u91cf\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u4f73\uff1bRAID-1<\/code>\u4e3a\u6620\u50cf\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u6574\u4e2aRAID<\/code>\u5bb9\u91cf\u51e0\u4e4e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u534a\uff1bRAID-5<\/code>\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5747\u8861\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5f53\u635f\u574f\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e24\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u6574\u7ec4RAID-5<\/code>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u6bc1\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u5757\u78c1\u76d8\u635f\u574f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            \u4f8b\u884c\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h2>\n
                              \n
                            • at<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u4ec5\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1bcrontab<\/code>\u6240\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f1a\u5faa\u73af\u4e00\u76f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/li>\n
                            • \u547d\u4ee4at now + 1 minutes<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u540e\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
                            • \u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4atq<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be2\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528atrm [jobnumber]<\/code>\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9ajob number<\/code>\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
                            • \u8fd8\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528batch<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u7a7a\u65f6\u624d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
                            • 0 3,6 * * * command<\/code>\u8868\u793a3\u70b9\u548c6\u70b9\u90fd\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b20 8-12 * * * command<\/code>\u8868\u793a8\u70b9\u523012\u70b9(\u5305\u62ec)\u7684\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u768420<\/code>\u5206\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b*\/5 * * * * command<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u96945\u5206\u949f\u5c31\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u62100-59\/5 * * * * command<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                            • \u4f7f\u7528crontab<\/code>\u6267\u884csh<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n
                                \n
                              • \u89e6\u53d1\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ed9\u4e88\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u4e2aID<\/code>\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3aPID<\/code>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u5c5e\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u8fd9\u4e2aPID<\/code>\u4e00\u7ec4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u590d\u5236(fork<\/code>)\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u590d\u5236\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u518d\u4ee5exec<\/code>\u65b9\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\u5b9e\u9645\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • \u7cfb\u7edf\u5148\u4ee5fork<\/code>\u65b9\u5f0f\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6682\u5b58\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u662fPID<\/code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6682\u5b58\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u591a\u4e00\u4e2aPPID<\/code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u4e3a\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • \u53ef\u4f7f\u7528&<\/code>\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u4e22\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u3002(\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528ctrl + c<\/code>\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u82e5\u6ce8\u9500\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u6267\u884c<\/strong>)<\/li>\n
                              • \u53ef\u4f7f\u7528jobs -l<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u540e\u53f0\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • \u4f7f\u7528fg %jobnumber<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u540e\u53f0\u5de5\u4f5c\u62ff\u5230\u524d\u53f0\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u5148\u4f7f\u7528vim kill.sh &<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528jobs -l<\/code>\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528fg 1<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • \u4f7f\u7528bg %jobnumber<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\u53f0\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • \u4f7f\u7528kill -9 %jobnumber<\/code>\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • nohup [\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570]<\/code>\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u673a\u524d\u53f0\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0cnohup [\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570] &<\/code>\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u673a\u540e\u53f0\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u6ce8\u9500\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f9d\u65e7\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n
                              • ps aux<\/code>\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • top<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u76d1\u63a7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5982top -d 2<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4e24\u79d2\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u5404\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • uname<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982uname -s<\/code>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • uptime<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • fuser<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u627e\u51fa\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • lsof<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u88ab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n
                              • pidof<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u627e\u51fa\u67d0\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684PID<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n

                                \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e86\u89e3Linux<\/code>\u4e3b\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\uff0cLinux\u79c1\u623f\u83dc<\/code>\u4e2d\u540e\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63a5\u89e6\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u81ea\u884c\u9605\u8bfb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                \u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u8ba1\u5212\u91cd\u6e29\u4e0bLinux\uff0c\u987a\u4fbf\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b14\u8bb0\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e4b\u540e\u67e5\u9605\u3002 \u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5bf9\u5f85\uff1b\u5982IDE\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3a\/dev\/hd[a-d]\u3002 \u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u5206\u533a(MBR)\u548c\u5206\u533a\u8868\uff1b\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u5206\u533a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6709446bytes\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u4f1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6MBR\u533a\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b\u5206\u533a\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u786c\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u670964bytes\u3002 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Linux\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63d0\u4f9b6\u4e2aTerminal\u4f9b\u7528\u4e8e\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3aCtrl+Alt+[F1-F6]\uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u5206\u522b\u4e3atty1-tty6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Ctrl+Alt+F7\u53ef\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002 \u82e5\u4ee5\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u73af\u5883\u542f\u52a8Linux\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u542f\u52a8\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528startx\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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