{"id":567,"date":"2018-01-23T11:02:06","date_gmt":"2018-01-23T03:02:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.jsjs.org\/?p=567"},"modified":"2018-01-23T11:02:06","modified_gmt":"2018-01-23T03:02:06","slug":"%e9%87%8d%e6%b8%a9%e5%a4%a7%e5%b8%88%e7%bb%8f%e5%85%b8%ef%bc%9amartin-fowler%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%81%e7%bb%ad%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.jsjs.org\/?p=567","title":{"rendered":"\u91cd\u6e29\u5927\u5e08\u7ecf\u5178\uff1aMartin Fowler\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"postBody\">\n<div id=\"cnblogs_post_body\" class=\"blogpost-body\">\n<h1 align=\"center\"><strong>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p align=\"center\">\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aMartin Fowler \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8bd1\u8005\uff1a\u6ed5\u4e91<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u539f\u6587\u53d1\u5e03\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2006\u5e745\u67081\u65e5 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2012\u5e742\u670825\u65e5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/articles\/continuousIntegration.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/articles\/continuousIntegration.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\uff08\u6b64\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5df2\u83b7\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\u540c\u610f\uff09<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210(Continuous Integration, CI)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u9879\u76ee\u6210\u5458\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u4f1a\u505a\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5c06\u4f1a\u6709\u591a\u6b21\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u96c6\u6210\u540e\u90fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u6765\u5c3d\u5feb\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u56e2\u961f\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5927\u5927\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u96c6\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u9ad8\u5185\u805a\u6027\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7b80\u8981\u5730\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u5176\u73b0\u72b6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u8fd8\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8bb0\u5f97\u6211\u521a\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u505a\u6691\u671f\u5b9e\u4e60\u3002\u6211\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\uff08\u5c5e\u4e8eQA\u90e8\u95e8\uff09\u9886\u6211\u53c2\u89c2\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u5e76\u5f88\u538b\u6291\u7684\u623f\u95f4\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5168\u662f\u683c\u5b50\u95f4\u3002\u7ecf\u7406\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u6709\u4e9b\u5e74\u5934\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u4e86\u3002\u7ecf\u7406\u8fd8\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u771f\u6b63\u77e5\u9053\u5b8c\u6210\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u6211\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u75c5\uff1a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f2b\u957f\u5e76\u4e14\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images2015.cnblogs.com\/blog\/341412\/201512\/341412-20151210231756574-2066416736.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u4e0d\u5fc5\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5728ThoughtWorks\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9879\u76ee\u8fd8\u6709\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u5b83\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u96be\u4e8b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u79bb\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u53ea\u6709\u54ab\u5c3a\u4e4b\u9065\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u4e4b\u5185\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u96c6\u6210\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u96c6\u6210\u9519\u8bef\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u540e\u8005\u6709\u591a\u4e48\u6602\u8d35\u6216\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4eba\u90fd\u9891\u7e41\u96c6\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6bcf\u5929\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u7ba1\u63a7\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u5411\u4eba\u4eec\u9610\u8ff0\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5f97\u5230\u4e24\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u201c\uff08\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\uff09\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u5b9e\u505a\u8d77\u6765\u6bd4\u8bf4\u8d77\u6765\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u201c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u201c\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u6d3b\u554a\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u201d\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u6781\u9650\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08XP\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662fXP\u6700\u521d\u768412\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4ee5\u54a8\u8be2\u5e08\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u52a0\u5165ThoughtWorks\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u3002Matthew Foemmel\u5c06\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5b9e\u5b9e\u5728\u5728\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u4ece\u5c11\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u5e76\u4e14\u590d\u6742\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6869\u6613\u4e8b\u3002Matthew\u548c\u6211\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5199\u5728\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u672c\u6587\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u522b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u5927\u6709\u76ca\u5904\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6709\u5f00\u6e90\u7684CruiseControl\uff0c\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6700\u521d\u7531ThoughtWorks\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u793e\u533a\u7ef4\u62a4\u7740\u3002\u540e\u6765\u51e0\u6b3e\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ecThoughtWorks Studios\u7684Cruise\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u53ca\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fbf\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4e3a\u4f8b\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5411\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u70b9\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u5b9a\u5b83\u5f88\u5c0f\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u672c\u5730\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4efd\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u4e8e\u96c6\u6210\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u6211\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u7684\u4e3b\u7ebf\uff08mainline\uff09\u4e0a\u62c9\u4e0b\uff08check out\uff09\u4e00\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ee3\u7801\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u4e3b\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u4fbf\u662f\u80e1\u8a00\u4e71\u8bed\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u5411\u540e\u8005\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\uff08repository\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ebf\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4efd\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u672c\u5730\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cchecking out\u201d\u3002\u672c\u5730\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u62f7\u8d1d\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cworking copy\u201d\u3002\uff08\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f60\u662f\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\uff08update\uff09\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u5230\u4e3b\u7ebf\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6dfb\u52a0\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u4fee\u6539\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u975e\u5e38\u770b\u91cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ee3\u7801\u672c\u8eab\u4e2d\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u2014\u2014\u6211\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/bliki\/SelfTestingCode.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u81ea\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/a>\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u884c\u7684XUnit\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u529f\u80fd\u5f00\u53d1\uff08\u6216\u8005\u5728\u6211\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u673a\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u5e76\u94fe\u63a5\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8dd1\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\u624d\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u597d\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u7684\u6210\u529f\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u6211\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5c06\u6211\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5411\u4e3b\u7ebf\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9996\u5148\u6211\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u66f4\u65b0\u5230\u6211\u672c\u5730\u5e76\u4e14\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4e0e\u6211\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f16\u8bd1\u6216\u8005\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u9700\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4fee\u6539\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u5230\u4e0e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4ee3\u7801\u4fdd\u6301\u9002\u5f53\u540c\u6b65\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4ee3\u7801\u540c\u6b65\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4e3b\u7ebf\u63d0\u4ea4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u4e5f\u5f97\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5355\u662f\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u4fee\u6539\u5e76\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u6211\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b21\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u62e5\u6709\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u624d\u8868\u793a\u6211\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u6211\u5fd8\u4e86\u63d0\u4ea4\u672c\u5730\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6211\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5728\u96c6\u6210\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6210\u529f\u6784\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u624d\u7b97\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u6211\u624b\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531Cruise\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u65b0\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u6355\u83b7\u5230\uff0c\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u96c6\u6210\u6784\u5efa\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\u4e2d\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u51b3\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u6784\u5efa\u4fdd\u7559\u592a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4e5f\u4f1a\u65f6\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5c3d\u5feb\u7684\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u5e76\u4e14\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u5e76\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u79bb\u57fa\u7840\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u592a\u8fdc\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u57fa\u7840\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u8fd9\u822c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u82b1\u5728\u627ebug\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3abug\u5728\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u6587\u53ea\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u8981\u548c\u5b83\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u6709\u6548\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u4e0d\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u90fd\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u2014\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u53eb\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u591a\u6570\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4f24\u5fc3\u5e76\u5403\u60ca\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6211\u7684\u786e\u89c1\u5230\uff08\u867d\u7136\u5f88\u5c11\uff09\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u5730\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u78c1\u76d8\u8fd9\u79cd\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u6765\u5171\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u505a\u4e3a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u8bf7\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u6b3e\u4f53\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6210\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e3a<a href=\"http:\/\/subversion.tigris.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Subversion<\/a>\uff08\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\u7684hg\u548cgit\uff09\u3002\uff08\u66f4\u8001\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u5de5\u5177<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nongnu.org\/cvs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CVS<\/a>\u5982\u4eca\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6bd4\u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\uff0c\u4f46\u662fSubversion\u662f\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\uff09\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u804a\u5929\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u76f8\u6bd4\u8d77\u591a\u6570\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u559c\u6b22Subversion\u3002\u636e\u6211\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u503c\u5f97\u82b1\u94b1\u4e70\u7684\u53ea\u6709<a href=\"http:\/\/www.perforce.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perforce<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u6709\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u90fd\u80fd\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u5230\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4eba\u8fd8\u5728\u95ee\uff1a\u201cfoo-whiffle \u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u54ea\u513f\uff1f\u201d\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u8bb8\u591a\u56e2\u961f\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u628a\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u653e\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5927\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u91cc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6d4b\u8bd5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5c5e\u6027\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u6709\u9879\u76ee\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u52a0\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e9\u671f\u8106\u5f31\u7684C++\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff09\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u65b0\u673a\u5668\u4e0acheck 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href=\"http:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/bliki\/Xunit.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">XUnit\u5bb6\u65cf<\/a>\u6d41\u884c\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5728ThoughtWorks\uff0cXUnit\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u5efa\u8bae\u4eba\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5de5\u5177\u8d77\u521d\u7531Kent Beck\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f7f\u81ea\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u642d\u5efa\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p>XUnit\u5f53\u4e4b\u65e0\u6127\u5730\u662f\u4f60\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u81ea\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u591a\u770b\u770b\u90a3\u4e9b\u66f4\u4fa7\u5411\u4e8e\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<a href=\"http:\/\/fit.c2.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FIT<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.openqa.org\/selenium\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Selenium<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"http:\/\/sahi.sourceforge.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sahi<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"http:\/\/wtr.rubyforge.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Watir<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"http:\/\/fitnesse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FITnesse<\/a>\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u9010\u4e00\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u522b\u6307\u671b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5c31\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5e38\u8a00\u9053\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709bug\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5411\u4e3b\u7ebf\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u96c6\u6210\u9996\u5148\u5728\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u5230\u4f60\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u77e5\u9053\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5411\u4e3b\u7ebf\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u672c\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u3002\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5168\u90e8\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e4b\u524d\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u672c\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u518d\u5728\u672c\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4e3b\u7ebf\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u9891\u7e41\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u5feb\u901f\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\u95f4\u9694\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u51b2\u7a81\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u90fd\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u51b2\u7a81\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u597d\u51e0\u5468\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u65f6\u5c31\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u6587\u672c\u4e0a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u6784\u5efa\u662f\u81ea\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u522b\u70e6\u4eba\u7684bug\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u63d0\u4ea4\u95f4\u9694\u53ea\u6709\u77ed\u77ed\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0cbug\u4fbf\u6ca1\u591a\u5c11\u85cf\u8eab\u4e4b\u5904\u4e86\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u90fd\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"http:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/bliki\/DiffDebugging.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">diff-debugging<\/a>\u6765\u5e2e\u4f60\u627e\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9bbug\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u662f\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u5411\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u9891\u7e41\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9891\u7e41\u63d0\u4ea4\u9f13\u52b1\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4ee5\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u6765\u5206\u5272\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8fdb\u5ea6\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u505a\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u627e\u4e2a\u5bfc\u5e08\u548c\u591a\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d0\u4ea4\u90fd\u5e94\u5728\u96c6\u6210\u673a\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e86\u6bcf\u65e5\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u53c8\u4e86\u6bcf\u65e5\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e94\u8be5\u8868\u660e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u5904\u4e8e\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7684\u786e\u6709\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u5728\u4e8e\u7eaa\u5f8b\u2014\u2014\u6709\u4eba\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u672c\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5f00\u53d1\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u540c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u96c6\u6210\u673a\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u96c6\u6210\u673a\u4e0a\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u8868\u660e\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u63d0\u4ea4\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5f97\u76ef\u7740\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u73ed\u4e4b\u524d\u4f60\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u8bf7\u4fee\u6539\u597d\u4e86\u624d\u56de\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u89c1\u5230\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u624b\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u624b\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u672c\u5730\u505a\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u2014\u2014\u5148\u5230\u96c6\u6210\u673a\u4e0a\u62c9\u4e0b\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f60\u5f97\u76ef\u7740\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jamesshore.com\/Blog\/Continuous-Integration-on-a-Dollar-a-Day.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u53e6\u89c1Jim Shore\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0<\/a>\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5219\u4e00\u76f4\u76d1\u89c6\u7740\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6709\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u4fbf\u81ea\u52a8\u62c9\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5230\u672c\u673a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u77e5\u63d0\u4ea4\u8005\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u63d0\u4ea4\u8005\u6536\u5230\u901a\u77e5\u540e\u2014\u2014\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4ee5\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u624d\u8868\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728ThoughtWorks\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7c89\u4e1d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9886\u5bfc\u4e86<a href=\"http:\/\/cruisecontrol.sourceforge.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CruiseControl<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"http:\/\/ccnet.thoughtworks.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CruiseControl.NET<\/a>\u7684\u521d\u671f\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u6b64\u4e24\u8005\u5747\u662f\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684CI\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ece\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684<a href=\"http:\/\/studios.thoughtworks.com\/cruise-continuous-integration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cruise<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86CI\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u6109\u60a6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528CI\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\uff0cJim Shore\u4fbf\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jamesshore.com\/Blog\/Continuous-Integration-is-an-Attitude.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u624b\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u6211\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u2014\u2014CI\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u65e8\u5728\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4f7f\u7528CI\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u786e\u53d1\u73b0CI\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u56e2\u961f\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6bcf\u665a\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u8fd9\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u6784\u5efa\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5c3d\u5feb\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u6bcf\u665a\u6784\u5efa\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u767d\u5929\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e86bug\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u6e05\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9bbug\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6301\u7eed\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u574f\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u5e76\u6ca1\u5728\u610f\u6216\u8005\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e4b\u524d\u5e76\u6ca1\u5728\u672c\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u65e6\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4fee\u6b63\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd5\u8bd5\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/martinfowler.com\/bliki\/PendingHead.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pending head<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5feb\u901f\u6784\u5efa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u6784\u5efa\u7684CI\u662f\u6781\u5176\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u3002\u6211\u7684\u591a\u6570\u540c\u4e8b\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u4e8eCI\u6765\u8bf4\u51b3\u65e0\u9053\u7406\u53ef\u8a00\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u8bb0\u5f97\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u56e2\u961f\u68a6\u60f3\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u4e48\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9762\u5bf9\u5f88\u96be\u5feb\u901f\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u6570\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u7ef4\u6301\u572810\u949f\u4e4b\u5185\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fXP\u7684\u65b9\u9488\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u591a\u6570\u9879\u76ee\u4e5f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7701\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8282\u7ea6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u957f\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u60f3\u4f7f\u5176\u52a0\u901f\u4fbf\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u4e86\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u901a\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u6784\u5efa\uff08\u4e5f\u53eb\u6784\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u6216\u8005\u90e8\u7f72\u7ba1\u9053\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u662f\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u540e\u9996\u5148\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u79f0\u4e3a\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\u5e94\u8be5\u5feb\u901f\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u6301\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u67e5\u627ebug\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4fbf\u53ef\u81ea\u4fe1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u8dd1\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9700\u8981\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u989d\u5916\u7684\u673a\u5668\u6765\u4e13\u95e8\u8dd1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5c06\u6784\u5efa\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8dd1\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5916\u90e8\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7stub\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9664\u6389\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5feb\u8dd1\u5b8c\uff0c\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u6301\u572810\u5206\u949f\u4e4b\u5185\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u5916\u90e8\u4ea4\u4e92\u2014\u2014\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u7684bug\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4fbf\u65e0\u80fd\u4e3a\u529b\u4e86\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u8dd1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5219\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e86\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5e94\u5305\u62ec\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u89c6\u4e3a\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6b64\u505a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684CI\u5468\u671f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u5219\u53ef\u5728\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u50cf\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u90a3\u6837\u201c\u505c\u4e0b\u5168\u90e8\u624b\u5934\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u5f97\u5230\u5c3d\u5feb\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4e0d\u89c1\u5f97\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u76f4\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u73b0\u7684bug\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u51e0\u5929\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u5168\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6700\u6162\u7684\u5373\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86bug\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u4e88\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6784\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u6784\u5efa\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u9700\u8981\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u51e0\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u6765\u5e76\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e76\u884c\u5316\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u90fd\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6765\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65e8\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684bug\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7248\u672c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5c06\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u653e\u5230\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u3002IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u786c\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u662f\u6709\u9650\u5236\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u662f\u684c\u9762\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u9884\u6d4b\u4f60\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f60\u4f9d\u7136\u5e94\u5f53\u5c3d\u91cf\u53bb\u590d\u5236\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5e76\u719f\u77e5\u56e0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u642d\u5efa\u7684\u73af\u5883\u8db3\u591f\u7b80\u5355\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u70e6\u4eba\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\u4fbf\u53ef\u5728\u4eff\u771f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u53cd\u5e94\u6162\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981<a href=\"http:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/bliki\/TestDouble.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">test doubles<\/a>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8dd1\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u73af\u5883\u6765\u8dd1\u5176\u5b83\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5316\u6280\u672f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u6784\u5efa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6545\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u591a\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u968f\u7740\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6027\u80fd\u9010\u6e10\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5f15\u8d77\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u8f7b\u6613\u83b7\u5f97\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u6700\u56f0\u80fd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e4b\u4e00\u4fbf\u662f\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u4eba\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u96be\u9884\u77e5\u81ea\u5df1\u7a76\u7adf\u60f3\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u5224\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5374\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u591a\u3002\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5219\u6070\u6070\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u5e94\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u505a\u6f14\u793a\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u8005\u4ec5\u4ec5\u770b\u770b\u9879\u76ee\u672c\u5468\u6709\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u6700\u65b0\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5b58\u653e\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u4fdd\u8bc1\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4ea4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5c06\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u653e\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u662f\u660e\u667a\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u5f53\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6bcf\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u8f7b\u6613\u770b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5df2\u505a\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0cCruise\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u56e2\u961f\u559c\u6b22\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u663e\u773c\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u6765\u53cd\u5e94\u6784\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u653e\u4e00\u76cf\u706f\uff0c\u706f\u7eff\u8868\u793a\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u706f\u7ea2\u8868\u793a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pragmaticautomation.com\/cgi-bin\/pragauto.cgi\/Monitor\/Devices\/BubbleBubbleBuildsInTrouble.rdoc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lava lamps<\/a>\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8868\u660e\u6784\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u663e\u793a\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7ea2\u706f\u4e2d\u6709\u4e86\u6c14\u6ce1\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u660e\u6784\u5efa\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u624d\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u624b\u5de5\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u673a\u5668\u7684\u663e\u793a\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u4f1a\u653e\u4e00\u4e2atoken\u5728\u684c\u4e0a\u6765\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u559c\u6b22\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u540e\u64ad\u653e\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u95f9\u94c3\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0cCI\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u793a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Cruise\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u662f\u8c01\u5728\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u6700\u65b0\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cCruise\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u63d0\u4ea4\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u636e\u6211\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u5934\u4fbf\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u9879\u76ee\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528CI\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u4e0d\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4fe1\u606f\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u6709CI\u7f51\u7ad9\u624d\u80fd\u5c55\u793a\u663e\u793a\u6784\u5efa\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5168\u5e74\u7684\u65e5\u5386\u753b\u5728\u4e00\u5f20\u5899\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5757\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\uff0cQA\u5219\u5728\u8be5\u5929\u7684\u65b9\u5757\u8d34\u4e0a\u7eff\u8272\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8d34\u4e0a\u7ea2\u8272\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u4e45\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efd\u65e5\u5386\u4fbf\u53ef\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u505a\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u9700\u8981\u591a\u79cd\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6bcf\u5929\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u642c\u6765\u79fb\u53bb\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u811a\u672c\u4fbf\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u9488\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u811a\u672c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5411\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u51cf\u5c11\u90e8\u7f72\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e0b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u56de\u6eda\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5931\u8d25\u662f\u65f6\u800c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u56de\u6eda\u5230\u5931\u8d25\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u662f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u90a3\u4e48\u754f\u9996\u754f\u5c3e\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4ea6\u80fd\u5c3d\u5feb\u7684\u4eab\u53d7\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\uff08Ruby on Rails\u793e\u533a\u6709\u4e00\u6b3e\u540d\u4e3a<a href=\"http:\/\/capify.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Capistrano<\/a>\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5373\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u96c6\u7fa4\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u5230\u6709\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e4b\u5185\u9010\u6e10\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u9762\u5411\u5927\u4f17\u7684web\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\uff0c\u5148\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6027\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bd5\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5411\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u505a\u4e3aCI\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u80dc\u4efb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u597d\u5904<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u6700\u5927\u597d\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u964d\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u6211\u53c8\u60f3\u8d77\u4e86\u6211\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u2014\u2014\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u77e5\u5230\u4f55\u65f6\u624d\u80fd\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5ef6\u671f\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u9884\u6d4b\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u5e95\u8981\u82b1\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u66f4\u7cdf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u5f88\u96be\u4e86\u89e3\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6b63\u597d\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u4e0d\u957f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u4f60\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5904\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u2014\u2014\u6076\u5fc3\u7684\u73a9\u610f\u513f\uff0c\u4f24\u5bb3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u6405\u4e71\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e5\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd8\u7834\u574f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u58f0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u4e86bug\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u4f1a\u628a\u6c14\u5f80\u4f60\u8eab\u4e0a\u6492\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cbug\u62e6\u7740\u4f60\u7684\u8def\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u6d88\u9664bug\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u53d1\u73b0bug\u5e76\u4e88\u4ee5\u6e05\u9664\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u81ea\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5f53\u9047\u5230bug\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4f60\u53ea\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4fbf\u5927\u5927\u7f29\u5c0f\u7684bug\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u4f60\u521a\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u4f7f\u67e5\u627ebug\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"http:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/bliki\/DiffDebugging.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">diff debugging<\/a>\uff0c\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7248\u672c\u548c\u5148\u524d\u6ca1\u6709bug\u7684\u7248\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u79ef\u7d2f\u6027\uff0cbug\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u8d8a\u96be\u6e05\u9664\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8ebug\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7275\u8fde\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\uff0cbug\u4e00\u591a\uff0c\u4eba\u4fbf\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u7cbe\u529b\u53bb\u4fee\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/exec\/obidos\/ASIN\/020161622X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Broken Windows \u7efc\u5408\u5f81<\/a>\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u56e2\u961f\uff0cbug\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u83b7\u76ca\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u597d\u574f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u4f60\u6216\u8bb8\u5df2\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u597d\u591a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u96be\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u4f4ebug\u7387\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u5f97\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5f15\u5165\u5e76\u6539\u8fdb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e86\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u9891\u7e41\u90e8\u7f72\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u96be\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u9891\u7e41\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u4eab\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6e05\u9664\u5ba2\u6237\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u969c\u788d\u2014\u2014\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u6700\u5927\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u3000<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5f15\u5165\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u5f00\u59cb\u8bd5\u7740\u73a9\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u4ece\u4f55\u5165\u624b\u5462\uff1f\u4e0a\u6587\u4e2d\u6211\u6240\u7f57\u5217\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4f60\u5e26\u6765\u592a\u591a\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u5e76\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5728\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u505a\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6ca1\u6709\u5957\u8def\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u56e2\u961f\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u901a\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4f60\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u653e\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5bf9\u5f88\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u505a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u591c\u665a\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u505a\u6cd5\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u591c\u665a\u6784\u5efa\u786e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u8bd5\u7740\u786e\u5b9a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u7ec4\u597d\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u5c31\u5f97\u53e6\u5bfb\u5b83\u8def\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u4f7f\u63d0\u4ea4\u6784\u5efa\u5feb\u901f\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u867d\u7136\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6bd4\u6ca1\u6709\u8981\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u80fd\u5c06\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u7f29\u77ed\u5230\u51e0\u5341\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c31\u77ed\u77ed\u768410\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u518d\u597d\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4ece\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u91c7\u7528\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u201c10\u5206\u949f\u539f\u5219\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bf7\u5c3d\u5feb\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff085\uff09\u5bfb\u627e\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u627e\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4eba\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u3002\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0d\u77e5\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bfc\u5e08\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u82b1\u94b1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u627e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f60\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u548c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u3002\uff08ThoughtWorks\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u81eaMatt\u548c\u6211\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5728ThoughtWorks\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u770b\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e5f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6280\u672f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u8d77\u5145\u6ee1\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u6781\u9650\u7f16\u7a0b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u5f88\u5c11\u5f97\u5230\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u8bd5\u4e00\u8bd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u50cf\u672c\u6587\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u6db5\u76d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u653e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/delivery.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">guide page<\/a>\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8baePaul Duvall\uff08Jolt\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff09\u7684<a href=\"http:\/\/martinfowler.com\/books.html#duvall\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Continuous Integration: Improving Software Quality and Reducing Risk<\/a>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770bHumble \u548c Dave Farley\u7684<a href=\"http:\/\/martinfowler.com\/books.html#continuousDelivery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Continuous Delivery: Reliable Software Releases through Build, Test, and Deployment Automation<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210 \u4f5c\u8005\uff1aMartin Fowler \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u8bd1\u8005\uff1a\u6ed5\u4e91 \u539f\u6587\u53d1\u5e03\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2006\u5e745\u67081\u65e5 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2012\u5e742\u670825\u65e5 \u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.martinfowler.com\/articles\/continuousIntegration.html \uff08\u6b64\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5df2\u83b7\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\u540c\u610f\uff09 \u3000\u3000\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210(Continuous Integration, CI)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u9879\u76ee\u6210\u5458\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u4f1a\u505a\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5c06\u4f1a\u6709\u591a\u6b21\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u96c6\u6210\u540e\u90fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u6765\u5c3d\u5feb\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u56e2\u961f\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5927\u5927\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u96c6\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u9ad8\u5185\u805a\u6027\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7b80\u8981\u5730\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u5176\u73b0\u72b6\u3002 \u6211\u8fd8\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8bb0\u5f97\u6211\u521a\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u505a\u6691\u671f\u5b9e\u4e60\u3002\u6211\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\uff08\u5c5e\u4e8eQA\u90e8\u95e8\uff09\u9886\u6211\u53c2\u89c2\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u5e76\u5f88\u538b\u6291\u7684\u623f\u95f4\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5168\u662f\u683c\u5b50\u95f4\u3002\u7ecf\u7406\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u6709\u4e9b\u5e74\u5934\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u4e86\u3002\u7ecf\u7406\u8fd8\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u771f\u6b63\u77e5\u9053\u5b8c\u6210\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u6211\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u75c5\uff1a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f2b\u957f\u5e76\u4e14\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 &nbsp; &nbsp; \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u4e0d\u5fc5\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5728ThoughtWorks\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9879\u76ee\u8fd8\u6709\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u5b83\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u96be\u4e8b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u79bb\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u53ea\u6709\u54ab\u5c3a\u4e4b\u9065\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u4e4b\u5185\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u96c6\u6210\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u96c6\u6210\u9519\u8bef\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u540e\u8005\u6709\u591a\u4e48\u6602\u8d35\u6216\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4eba\u90fd\u9891\u7e41\u96c6\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6bcf\u5929\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u7ba1\u63a7\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u96c6\u6210\u3002 \u5f53\u6211\u5411\u4eba\u4eec\u9610\u8ff0\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5f97\u5230\u4e24\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u201c\uff08\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\uff09\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u5b9e\u505a\u8d77\u6765\u6bd4\u8bf4\u8d77\u6765\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u201c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u201c\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u6d3b\u554a\uff1f\u201d 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