{"id":259,"date":"2017-06-26T11:11:30","date_gmt":"2017-06-26T03:11:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.jsjs.org\/?p=259"},"modified":"2017-06-26T11:11:30","modified_gmt":"2017-06-26T03:11:30","slug":"ansible%e5%b0%8f%e7%bb%93%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%89%ef%bc%89inventory%e4%b8%8epatterns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.jsjs.org\/?p=259","title":{"rendered":"ansible\u5c0f\u7ed3\uff08\u4e09\uff09Inventory\u4e0ePatterns"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ansible\u7684Inventory\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3asaltstack\u4e2d\u7684salt-key\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709minion\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684nodegroup\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\/etc\/ansible\/hosts \uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230Dynamic Inventory\uff0c\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb2\u9759\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u7fa4\u90e8\u5206\u3002Patterns\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u90e8\u5206\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Patterns\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914dInventory\u5206\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001Hosts and Groups\uff08\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u7ec4\uff09<\/h3>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\/etc\/ansible\/hosts\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u683c\u5f0f\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7ec4<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. mail<\/span>.<\/span>361way<\/span>.<\/span>com<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. [<\/span>webservers<\/span>]<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. web1<\/span>.<\/span>361way<\/span>.<\/span>com<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. web2<\/span>.<\/span>361way<\/span>.<\/span>com <\/span>[<\/span>dbservers<\/span>]<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. db1<\/span>.<\/span>361way<\/span>.<\/span>com<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. db2<\/span>.<\/span>361way<\/span>.<\/span>com<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    a\u3001\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4ee3\u8868\u7ec4\u540d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5c06\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5206\u6210\u5177\u6709\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u5206\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ec4webservers\u548cdbservers\u7ec4\uff1b<\/p>\n

    b\u3001\u4e3b\u673a(hosts)\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u57df\u540d\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001IP\u5730\u5740\u8868\u793a\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u4e24\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4e3b\u673a\u80fd\u53cd\u89e3\u6790\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6b64\u7c7b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u591a\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\uff1b<\/p>\n

    2\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0e\u522b\u540d<\/h4>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684SSH\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0cansible\u4f7f\u7528Paramiko\u8fdb\u884cssh\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f60SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4fee\u6539ansible\u4f7f\u7528openssh\u8fdb\u884cssh\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. 192.168.0.10:5309<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u5047\u5982\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e9b\u9759\u6001IP\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e9b\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eSaltStack\u4e2dminion\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2did\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. jumper ansible_ssh_port = 5555 ansible_ssh_host = 192.168.1.50<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u4e0a\u9762\u7684 jumper \u522b\u540d\u5c31\u6307\u4ee3\u4e86IP\u4e3a192.168.1.50\uff0cssh\u8fde\u63a5\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a5555\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

        3\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u8303\u56f4<\/h4>\n
          \n
        1. [webservers]<\/span><\/li>\n
        2. www[01:50].361way.com<\/span><\/li>\n
        3. [databases]<\/span><\/li>\n
        4. db-[a:f].91it.org<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u4e0a\u9762\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u4eceweb1\u5230web50\uff0cwebservers\u7ec4\u5171\u8ba150\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\uff1bdatabases\u7ec4\u6709db-a\u5230db-f\u51716\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

          4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u673a\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n

          \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fHosts\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u5230\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. ansible_ssh_host # \u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/span><\/li>\n
          2. ansible_ssh_port # \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f22<\/span><\/li>\n
          3. ansible_ssh_user # ssh\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span><\/li>\n
          4. ansible_ssh_pass # ssh\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u7684\u5bc6\u7801<\/span><\/li>\n
          5. ansible_sudo_pass # \u4f7f\u7528sudo\u8fde\u63a5\u7528\u6237\u662f\u7684\u5bc6\u7801<\/span><\/li>\n
          6. ansible_ssh_private_key_file # \u79d8\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528ssh-agent\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879<\/span><\/li>\n
          7. ansible_shell_type # shell\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u9ed8\u8ba4sh<\/span><\/li>\n
          8. ansible_connection # SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a local , ssh , paramiko\u5728 ansible 1.2 \u4e4b\u524d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f paramiko \uff0c\u540e\u6765\u667a\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e ControlPersist \u7684 ssh \uff08\u652f\u6301\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff09<\/span><\/li>\n
          9. ansible_python _ interpreter #\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9a python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9aruby \u3001perl \u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. [test]<\/span><\/li>\n
            2. 10.212.52.252 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_pass=’361way.com’<\/span><\/li>\n
            3. 10.212.52.14 ansible_ssh_user=test1 ansible_ssh_pass=’91it.org’<\/span><\/li>\n
            4. 10.212.52.16 ansible_ssh_user=test2 ansible_ssh_port=7788 ansible_ssh_pass=’123456′<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e09\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u4e09\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u5206\u522b\u662f361way.com\u300191it.org\u3001123456\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684ssh\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5206\u522b\u4e3aroot\u3001test1\u3001test2\uff0cssh \u7aef\u53e3\u5206\u522b\u4e3a22\u300122\u30017788 \uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728ansible\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u518d\u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u7b49\u4e86\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. [<\/span>root@361way<\/span>.<\/span>com <\/span>~]<\/span># ansible test -a ‘uptime’<\/span><\/li>\n
              2. 10.212<\/span>.<\/span>52.252<\/span> |<\/span> success <\/span>|<\/span> rc<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> >><\/span><\/li>\n
              3. 01<\/span>:<\/span>34am<\/span> up <\/span>23<\/span> days <\/span>10<\/span>:<\/span>57<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span> users<\/span>,<\/span> load average<\/span>:<\/span> 0.42<\/span>,<\/span> 0.39<\/span>,<\/span> 0.41<\/span><\/li>\n
              4. 10.212<\/span>.<\/span>52.16<\/span> |<\/span> success <\/span>|<\/span> rc<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> >><\/span><\/li>\n
              5. 01<\/span>:<\/span>41am<\/span> up <\/span>331<\/span> days <\/span>8<\/span>:<\/span>33<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span> users<\/span>,<\/span> load average<\/span>:<\/span> 0.00<\/span>,<\/span> 0.01<\/span>,<\/span> 0.05<\/span><\/li>\n
              6. 10.212<\/span>.<\/span>52.14<\/span> |<\/span> success <\/span>|<\/span> rc<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span> >><\/span><\/li>\n
              7. 01<\/span>:<\/span>40am<\/span> up <\/span>331<\/span> days <\/span>7<\/span>:<\/span>55<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span> users<\/span>,<\/span> load average<\/span>:<\/span> 0.09<\/span>,<\/span> 0.03<\/span>,<\/span> 0.05<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                5\u3001\u7ec4\u5185\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n

                \u53d8\u91cf\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u540d\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u7ec4\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\uff1a<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. [test]<\/span><\/li>\n
                2. host1<\/span><\/li>\n
                3. host2<\/span><\/li>\n
                4. [test:vars]<\/span><\/li>\n
                5. ntp_server=ntp.361way.com<\/span><\/li>\n
                6. proxy=proxy.361way.com<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u4e0a\u9762test\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9test\u7ec4\u6307\u5b9avars\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684host1\u548chost2\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86ntp_server\u548cproxy\u53d8\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u503c \u3002<\/p>\n

                  6\u3001\u7ec4\u7684\u5305\u542b\u4e0e\u7ec4\u5185\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n
                    \n
                  1. [hangzhou]<\/span><\/li>\n
                  2. host1<\/span><\/li>\n
                  3. host2<\/span><\/li>\n
                  4. [jiaxing]<\/span><\/li>\n
                  5. host2<\/span><\/li>\n
                  6. host3<\/span><\/li>\n
                  7. [zhejiang:children]<\/span><\/li>\n
                  8. hangzhou<\/span><\/li>\n
                  9. jiaxing<\/span><\/li>\n
                  10. [zhejiang:vars]<\/span><\/li>\n
                  11. some_server=foo.southeast.example.com<\/span><\/li>\n
                  12. halon_system_timeout=30<\/span><\/li>\n
                  13. self_destruct_countdown=60<\/span><\/li>\n
                  14. escape_pods=2<\/span><\/li>\n
                  15. [china:children]<\/span><\/li>\n
                  16. zhejiang<\/span><\/li>\n
                  17. henan<\/span><\/li>\n
                  18. shandong<\/span><\/li>\n
                  19. hebei<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u676d\u5dde\u7ec4\u6211\u6709host1\u3001hosts2\uff1b\u5609\u5174\u7ec4\u6211\u6709host3\u3001host4\u4e3b\u673a\uff1b\u6211\u53c8\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6d59\u6c5f\u7ec4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u676d\u5dde\u548c\u5609\u5174\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u8be5\u7ec4\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u56db\u4e2avars\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u540e\u9762\u6211\u53c8\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6d59\u6c5f\u3001\u6cb3\u5357\u3001\u5c71\u4e1c\u3001\u6cb3\u5317\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \u6ce8\uff1a\u7531\u4e8evars\u53d8\u91cf\u5728ansible ad-hoc\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5728ansible-playbook\u4e2d\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u4f1a\u63d0\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167\u5b98\u65b9Inventory \u6587\u6863<\/a>\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u611f\u89c9\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u770b\u5b98\u65b9\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \u4e8c\u3001Patterns\uff08\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u7ec4\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u90e8\u5206\uff09<\/h3>\n

                    \u628aPatterns \u76f4\u63a5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6b63\u5219\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u51c6\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e3apatterns\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728ansible\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\uff0c\u8981\u4e0e\u54ea\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u770b\u4e0bansible\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. ansible <\/span><<\/span>pattern_goes_here<\/span>><\/span> –<\/span>m <\/span><<\/span>module_name<\/span>><\/span> –<\/span>a <\/span><<\/span>arguments<\/span>><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      \u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. ansible webservers <\/span>–<\/span>m service <\/span>–<\/span>a <\/span>“name=httpd state=restarted”<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        \u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u5bf9webservers \u7ec4\u6216\u4e3b\u673a\u91cd\u542fhttpd\u670d\u52a1 \uff0c\u5176\u4e2dwebservers \u5c31\u662fPattern\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u800c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u8bf4Pattern\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6b63\u5219\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0b\u9762\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u5230\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u800c\u8a00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

                        1\u3001\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528all \u6216 *<\/h4>\n

                        2\u3001\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91\u6216<\/h4>\n

                        \u5229\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u5192\u53f7\u8868\u793aor\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\u903b\u8f91\u6216<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. one.361way.com<\/span><\/li>\n
                        2. one.361way:two.361way.com<\/span><\/li>\n
                        3. 192.168.1.50<\/span><\/li>\n
                        4. 192.168.1.*<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684*\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. *.361way.com<\/span><\/li>\n
                          2. *.com<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528 \uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. webservers<\/span><\/li>\n
                            2. webservers:dbservers \/\/\u8868\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e3b\u673a<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              3\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u975e\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91and<\/h4>\n

                              \u5f53\u7136\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u975e\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7ec4webservers\u4f46\u4e0d\u5728phoenix\u7ec4\u4e2d<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. webserver:!phoenix<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                \u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u4ea4\u96c6\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u5fc5\u987b\u5373\u5728\u7ec4webservers\u4e2d\u53c8\u5728\u7ec4staging\u4e2d<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. webservers:&staging<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  \u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. webserver:dbservers:&staging:!phoenix<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                    \u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6700\u540e\u8868\u793a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1a\u5728webservers\u6216\u8005dbservers\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u4e8estaging\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u5728phoenix\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662fSaltStack\u4e2dCompound matchers \u3002<\/p>\n

                                    4\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
                                      \n
                                    1. *.361way.com:*.org<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                      \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u201d~\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f:<\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. ~(web|db).*\\.91it\\.org<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                        \u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f30\u8ba1\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u80fd\u660e\u767d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4f1a\u63d0\u5230Patterns \u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6b63\u5219\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e86\u3002\u6700\u540e\u90e8\u5206\u7ed9\u4e24\u4e2aansible-playbook\u4e2d\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

                                        a\u3001\u5728ansible-palybook\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u7ec4\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u201c-e\u201d\u7684\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8fd9\u6837\u7528\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        1. ansible<\/span>–<\/span>palybook <\/span>–<\/span>e webservers<\/span>:!{{<\/span>excluded<\/span>}}:&{{<\/span>required<\/span>}}<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                          b\u3001\u5728ansible\u548cansible-playbook\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u201d\u2013limit\u201d\u6765\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u6392\u9664\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          1. ansible<\/span>–<\/span>playbook site<\/span>.<\/span>yml <\/span>—<\/span>limit datacenter2<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                            \u4ee5\u4e0a\u90e8\u5206\u4e3b\u8981\u6309\u7167\u5b98\u65b9Pattern\u90e8\u5206<\/a>\u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                            Ansible\u7684Inventory\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3asaltstack\u4e2d\u7684salt-key\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709minion\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684nodegroup\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\/etc\/ansible\/hosts \uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230Dynamic Inventory\uff0c\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb2\u9759\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u7fa4\u90e8\u5206\u3002Patterns\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u90e8\u5206\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Patterns\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914dInventory\u5206\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e3b\u673a\u3002 \u4e00\u3001Hosts and Groups\uff08\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0e\u7ec4\uff09 \u5bf9\u4e8e\/etc\/ansible\/hosts\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u683c\u5f0f\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\uff1a 1\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7ec4 mail.361way.com [webservers] web1.361way.com web2.361way.com [dbservers] db1.361way.com db2.361way.com a\u3001\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4ee3\u8868\u7ec4\u540d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5c06\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5206\u6210\u5177\u6709\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u5206\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ec4webservers\u548cdbservers\u7ec4\uff1b b\u3001\u4e3b\u673a(hosts)\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u57df\u540d\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001IP\u5730\u5740\u8868\u793a\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u4e24\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4e3b\u673a\u80fd\u53cd\u89e3\u6790\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6b64\u7c7b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u591a\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\uff1b 2\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0e\u522b\u540d \u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684SSH\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0cansible\u4f7f\u7528Paramiko\u8fdb\u884cssh\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f60SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4fee\u6539ansible\u4f7f\u7528openssh\u8fdb\u884cssh\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a 192.168.0.10:5309 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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